About the course: The well logging technique consists of lowering a ‘Logging tool’ into the well to record physical properties of reservoir rocks and to reveal reservoir fluid characteristics Well logging interpretation helps geoscientists and engineers to understand:
- Presence of a reservoir and hydrocarbons & it’s characteristics Calculation of Reservoir properties viz. Porosity, Permeability, Fluid Saturation, Reservoir thickness, Reservoir pressure etc.
- Evaluation of Rock mechanical properties viz. Elastic properties of the rock, fractures, Dips & orientation
- The course is suitable for engineers and geoscientists, from drilling, reservoir, geology, production, geophysics and Petrophysics, dealing with well data and its analysis. IT engineers dealing with data management and databases may also find this course relevant to their area of activity.
- This course could also be of special benefits for specialists working with Open-hole to review application of advances in logging and interpretations techniques, opportunity to review and discuss special interpretation problems.
- The course will provide the managers, involved with technical aspects of the E&P business, with an understanding of the technical workings of reservoir management.
Learning Objective: This is a Petrophysics course focusing mainly on open-hole
data acquisition and quick-look interpretations in shaly sand reservoirs with a
brief overview on carbonate reservoirs
The participants will be familiarized with
the:
- Wireline Logging data
acquisition systems & Downhole Logging tools
- Rock and fluid
properties
- Presentation and
reading of log data
- Characteristics log
response
- Basic log Analysis and
Interpretation concepts for reservoir characterization
- Quick-look
interpretation of log data and for evaluation of Lithology, Porosity and water
saturation etc. in clean formations.
- Overview of
Quantitative interpretation methods of petrophysical data for calculation of
reservoir parameters in shaly sand formations and pay thickness.
Course Duration: 3 Weeks
Pre-requisites: one of the most useful and important tools for reservoir rock characterization. The productivity of wells in hydrocarbon-bearing reservoirs depends on petrophysical properties which include lithology, porosity, water saturation, permeability, and saturation
Topics to be covered: The
first day of the course will be dedicated to gather information on the audience
background and knowledge base to review and align the course contents according
to their expectation and requirement.
1) Basics of
Well Logging techniques & Measurements:
- Classification of Log
Measurements
- Basic logging
techniques
- Tool conveyance.
- Tough Logging
Conditions (TLC)
- Logging while Drilling
(LWD)
2) Understanding
the wellbore environment:
- Different types of
drilling Fluids / Drilling muds
- Mud filtrate invasion
and mud cakes, Uninvaded, Invaded and transition zones
- Swelling of shale and
shale breakouts
- Suitability of logs for
different types of mud systems
- Borehole Geometry and
its impact on log measurements
- Pore pressure,
temperature and formation water salinity.
3) Understanding
the Rock properties:
- Rock composition
- Rock texture and
structure
- Porosity and
permeability
4) Presentations
of logs: The Measurement and Application of conventional logging.
5) Measurement
of Electrical properties of rocks:
- Understanding the
wellbore environment:
- Components of SP: Static
(SSP) and Dynamic SP
- Effect of borehole
environment on SP measurements
- Use of SP logs
- Formation resistivity:
- Types of Resistivity
Measurement
- Effect of Borehole
Environment on Resistivity Measurements
- Induction and Latero
Log resistivity Measurements
- Types of Induction
Measurements
- Types of Latero Logs
- Micro Resistivity Logs
- Effects of Borehole
Environment
6) Natural
Gamma Ray (GR)Measurement and application
7) Spectral GR
(NGRS) Measurements and applications
8) Neutron
Porosity Log Measurements Principle & applications
9) Formation
Density–PEF Measurement Principle & Application
10) Propagation
of Sound waves and Acoustic log Measurements
- Interaction of Sound
wave propagation in the borehole environment
- Measuring the wave
velocity and travel time Borehole compensated measurements
- Factors affecting the
acoustic measurements
- Application of acoustic
measurements and calculation of acoustic porosity
11) Fundamentals
of Basic Log Interpretation
- Basic Understanding of
Reservoir Properties
- Change in Resistivity
with Fluid Characteristics
- Basic Concept of Archie
Equation
- Significance of Fluid
Saturation Index
12) Quick-look
interpretation methods of Open hole logs in clean formations:
- Identifying the
potential Water and HC zones from resistivity
- Reading the porosity
values directly from Density and neutron
- Identifying the
permeable zones from SP
- Identification of broad
lithology from GR, Density, Neutron and Photoelectric Factor PEF
- Calculation of
reservoir Parameters
13) Shaly sand
formations
- Types of Shale and Clay
- Effects of Shale /
Clays on log and log interpretation
- Porosity in Shaly
formations
- Calculation of Shale
Volumes
14) Calculation
of ΦT, Φe and Sw in Shaly Sands
15) Modification
of Archie's Equation in Shaly sand
- Indonesian equation
- Simandaux equation
16) Log
Characteristics in Carbonates
- The challenge of
carbonates Primary and Secondary porosity
- The effects of
fractures and bugs on the log readings
17) Nuclear
Magnetic resonance (NMR) Logging and application
- Principle of NMR
Logging
- NMR Applications
- NMR applications in
Carbonates
